The desktop Fieldy app, on Mac, is able to capture both sides of a meeting, even when using headphones, like AirPods. I understand this is an option in MacOS.

Is there a similar option, or a workaround, to do the same in iOS?

The use case is times like today where we had an impromptu meeting, and I only had my phone available. I was also not in a position to use speakerphone and therefore only have my voice for the meeting. This was on a conference call, not a Teams or Zoom meeting, if that makes a difference.